1289_VA1

Razdoblje
Vol. 4: A 1209 usque ad 1300
Datum
October 13, 1289
Mjesto
Regest

Records of negotiations between Venice and Patriarch Raymond della Torre regarding jurisdictions in Istria, mediated by Bishop Bernard of Tripoli: first, Venice elects its negotiators; second, Patriarch Raymond issues his statement; third, the Venetian envoys present their terms in two separate statements; finally, Patriarch Raymond responds to Venetian terms and a semblance of a peace treaty begins to take shape.

Izvornik
The original is lost; the text survives in the following manuscript tradition:
B = Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Pacta e aggregati, Codex Trevisaneus, fols. 388r–389v; late 15th-/early 16th-century simple copy “ex quaterno pergameno pręgrandi soluto absque titulo et, ut puto, mutilato”.
Izdanje
Giovanni Batista Verci, Storia della Marca Trivigiana e Veronese, vol. 3 (Venice 1787), doc. 314, pp. 172–176.
Gian Rinaldo Carli, Appendici di documenti spettanti alla parte quarta delle Antichità italiche (Milan 1791), appendix 1, doc. 29, pp. 65–70.
Pietro Kandler (ed.), Codice diplomatico istriano, 2nd ed. (Trieste 1986), doc. 428, pp. 757–770; a combination of Verci’s and Carli’s edition, done without consulting any manuscripts.
FIM izdanje
Diplomatic edition based on B. The copyist was “emending” the word forms by adding -ę and even -ae, but such “corrections” are done highly inconsistently; these “emendations” are duly transcribed. The records of the sessions are comprised of different statements read in front of the mediator; these statements are recorded in the form of vidimus with their respective headings; these headings are marked with red font in the edition and the text of the statements is slightly indented. The first document refers to a decree of a Venetian body promulgated in Venice and it is divided from the records of negotiations held in Treviso by three asterisks.
Transkripcija

1289, 13 octobris.

Capta fuit pars quod per tractatores nostros debeat tractari quod pacta inter nos et dominum patriarcham facta permaneant firma, et quod patriarcha compleat sententias seu diffinitiones factas per illos de Venetiis qui fecerunt eas ex forma alterius concordię seu pacis factę1.

Item quod restituat ea quae ipse abstulit seu fecit auferri Venetis vel aliis debitoribus Venetorum infra terminum eis concessum ex forma pactorum.

Item tractent quod dominus dux et Veneti habeant iurisdictiones et iura in toto vel in parte, quę et quas patriarcha et ecclesia Aquileiensis dicuntur habere in Istria, pro eo quod sit conveniens. Verum si prędicta non possent haberi, sint contenti tractatores nostri compromittere in dominum Nicolaum pappama IIII de questionibus, controversiis et discordiis quę vertuntur inter dominum ducem et Commune Veneciarum ex una parte et dominum patriarcham et ecclesiamb Aquileiensem ex altera super proprietate et possessione vel quasi iurisdictionis et aliorum iurium terrarum Istrię. Et debent cognosci simul et semel, tam de proprietate quam de possessione.

Nomina tractatorum sunt haec: dominus Andreas Dandulus filius domini ducis, dominus Nicolaus Quirino, dominus Hermolaus Iusto, dominus Rogerius Mauroceno, dominus Ioannes Cornarius.

***

Hoc est scriptum domini patriarchę Aquileiensis quod venerabilis pater dominus episcopus Tripolitanus dedit prędictis tractatoribus:

Intendit dominus R(aymundus) patriarcha Aquilegensis – suo, Aquilegensis ecclesię, domini Al(berti) comitis Goricię, episcopi et hominum de Tergesto et generaliter omnium fidelium, subiectorum, coadiutorum et fautorum suorum nomine – compromittere in dominum pappam de omnibus litibus, questionibus, controversiis, discordiis et guerris quę vertuntur vel verti possunt usque ad diem presentem inter ipsos et eorum quemlibet ex una parte et dominum ducem ac Commune Veneciarum et omnes fideles ac subiectos, coadiutores et fautores eorum ex altera, tam super Parentina, Iustinopolitana, et Aemoniensi civitatibus, et Rubini, Pirani, Insulę ac Humaghi terris, et Montonę, Sancti Laurentii, et Muchori castris, et castro et burgo Muglę, ac iure, iurisdictione et dominio dictarum civitatum, terrarum et castrorum, quam super destructione castri Sancti Georgii, necnon omnibus damnis et iniuriis datis hinc inde, tam super predictis omnibus et singulis diffiniat, arbitretur, sententiet, ordinet ac declaret, tam amicabiliter quam de iure et alte ac basse, pro suę beneplacito voluntatis.

Item super restitutione bonorum mobilium quae ablatę fuisse dicuntur hominibus de Venetiis seu subiectis dictorum domini ducis et Communis Venetiarum, tam per dictum dominum patriarcham seu subiectos ipsius quam per homines de Tergesto, et super processu habito super illis per arbitros ad hoc assumptos secundum formam pacis factę per dominum episcopum Concordiensem1, placet ipsi domino patriarchę quod reverendus pater et dominus B(ernardus) episcopus Tripolitanus diffiniat secundum quod postulat ordo iuris.

Hoc dicit dictus dominus patriarcha in scriptis pręfato domino episcopo Tripolitano, sicut ei dixit hodie oraculo vive vocis.

Hoc est scriptum quod tractatores prędicti domini ducis dederunt domino episcopo Tripolitano:

Intendunt ambaxatores domini ducis et Communis Venetorum quod – permanentibus firmis pactis dudum initis inter dominum Raynerium Geno tunc ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex una parte et dominum G(regorium)c tunc electum Aquilegensis ecclesię ex altera2, et confirmatione et aprobatione ipsorum pactorum cum quibusdam additionibus factis inter dominum R(aymundum) patriarcham Aquilegensem ex una parte et dominum L(aurentium) Teupolo tunc ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex altera3, et pactis factis inter dominum Ioannem Dandulum ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex una parte et prędictum dominum R(aymundum) patriarcham et ecclesiam Aquilegensem ex altera1, et sententiis seu difinitionibus factis per sapientes de Venetiis ex forma ipsorum pactorum, quę per ipsum dominum patriarcham debeant compleri, et quod dictus dominus patriarcha restituat ea quae ipse abstulit seu fecit auferri Venetis vel aliis debitoribus eorum infra terminum eis concessum ex forma pactorum – compromittatur per dominum ducem et Commune Venetiarum in sanctissimum patrem dominum Nicolaum papam IIII de questionibus, controversiis et discordiis quę vertuntur inter ipsum dominum ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex una parte et dictum dominum patriarcham et ecclesiam Aquilegensem ex altera super proprietate et possessione vel quasi iurisdictionis et aliorum iurium terrarum Istrię, ita quod simul et semel cognoscatur et difiniatur per dictum dominum pappam tam de proprietate quam de possess(ione) dictę iurisdictionis et aliorum iurium prędictorum per arbitrationem, arbitrium, perd rationem, laudationem, ordinationem et amicabilem compositionem, alte et basse, sicut sibi videbitur.

Hoc est aliud scriptum datum per tractatores domini ducis domino episcopo Tripolitano:

Compromittatur per dominum ducem et cetera, ut supra a paragrapho infra per totum et in totum et cetera, super restitutione mercationum et rerum mobilium acceptarum vel intromissarum seu impeditarum ante pacem factam per dominum episcopum Concordiensem1, cognoscatur per dictum dominum episcopum Tripolitanum de plano et sine strepitu iudiciorum; et si rite processum est per sapientes de Venetiis iuxta tenorem pacis prędictę, debeat fieri restitutio et satisfactio secundum tenorem sententiarum datarum per sapientes prędictos, alioquin predictus dominus episcopus Tripolitanus debeat cognoscere et diffinire de plano et sine strepitu iudiciorum de sententiis supradictis, et debeat tamquam arbiter et amicabilis compositor diffinire.

Item quod pacta dudum inita inter dominum Gregorium tunc electum Aquilegenseme ex una parte et dominum R(aynerium) Geno tunc ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex altera2, et confirmatio et aprobatio facta cum quibusdam additionibus factis inter dictum dominum R(aymundum) patriarcham Aquilegensem ex una parte et dominum L(aurentium) Teupolo tunc ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex altera3, et pacta facta inter dominumf R(aymundum) patriarcham et ecclesiam Aquilegensem ex una parte et dominum Io(annem) Dandulum ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex altera1 firma permaneant et penitus observentur.

Item quod pax et pacta facta inter dominum ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex una parte et dominum comitem Goricię ex altera penitus observentur.4

Item quod Commune et homines Tergesti debeant observare pacem et pactag facta inter dominum ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex una parte et ipsos ex altera1. De iniuriis vero, offensionibus et damnis datis et factis per eos domino duci et Communi et hominibus Venetiarum a tempore dictę pacis et pactorum huc usque compromittatur in dictum dominum episcopum Tripolitanum, et quod ipse de plano et sine iudiciorum strepituh possit cognoscere, ordinare et diffinire, prout sibi videbitur.

Et super restitutione locorum Antignani5, vicinatus Sancti Petri et castri et burghi Muglae facienda vel non facienda, compromittatur in dictum dominum episcopum Tripolitanum, ita quod ipse de plano et sine iudiciorum strepitu possit super prędictis cognoscere, examinare et diffinire pro suę beneplacito voluntatis.

Item quod facto compromisso in dominum pappam, ut dictum est, sit pax et fiat inter dominos suprascriptos et eorum vassallos, subditos, coadiutores et fautores.

Dominus episcopus Tripolitanus subsequenter dedit suprascriptis tractatoribus domini ducis et Communis Venetiarum quoddam aliud scriptum huius tenoris:

Intendit dominus R(aymundus) patriarcha Aquilegensis – suo et ecclesię Aquilegensis, domini Alberti comitis Goricie, domini episcopi et hominum Tergesti, et generaliter omnium fidelium, subiectorum, coadiutorum et fautorum suorum nomine – de omnibus litibus, questionibus, controversiis, discordiis et guerris exortis, tam in mari quam in terra, usque in diem presentem inter ipsos ex una parte et dominum ducem et Commune Venetiarum et omnes fideles et subiectos, coadiutores et fautores eorum ex altera compromittere in dominum pappam Nicolaum IIII, ita quod de his omnibus diffiniat, tam amicabiliter quam de iure et alte et basse, pro suę beneplacito voluntatisi.

Item quod super restitutione rerum ablatarum ante pacem factam per dominum episcopum Concordiensem1 cognoscatur per venerabilem patrem dominum B(ernardum) episcopum Tripolitanum de plano et sine strepitu iudiciorum. Et si rite processum est per sapientes de Venetiis iuxta tenorem pacis predictę, debeat fieri restitutio secundum tenorem sententiarum datarum per sapientes predictos, alioquin prędictus dominus episcopus debeat cognoscere de plano et sine strepitu iudiciorum de sententia supradicta, et debeat tamquam arbiter et amicabilis compositor diffinire, ita quod omnia loca et castra per Venetos post dictam pacem occupata in Istria, prius restituantur ipsi domino patriarchę, danda illis quorum sunt, et que distructa seu diruta sunt reparentur.

Item placet ipsi domino patriarchę omnia pacta inita inter felicis recordationis G(regorium) patriarcham Aquilegensem ex una parte et quondam dominum Ray(nerium) Geno tunc ducem Venetiarum2 et cum reformatione facta super illis pactis inter quondam dominum L(aurentium) Teupolo tunc ducem Venetiarum et ipsum dominum R(aymundum) patriarcham3 servare cum conditionibus appositis in pactis eisdem, hoc salvo quod hinc inde satisfiat de subtractis medio tempore.

Item placet hominibus de Tergesto servare pacem factam per dictum dominum episcopum Concordiensem secundum formam promissionis eis factę per dictum dominum episcopum per instrumentum publicum dicti domini episcopi sigillo munitum, hoc salvo quod, si qua de his quę in dicta pace continentur sunt facta seu executioni mandata, pro completis habeantur et factis; si quid forte restat faciendum, placet eis complere.

Item placet domino patriarchę quod, facto compromisso in dominum pappam, ut dictum est, cessent omnes offensę hinc inde inter prędictos dominos, vasallos, subiectos, fautores et adiutores eorum. Et quod carcerati relaxentur hinc inde omnes, et quod omnes fautores, subiecti et adiutores dictorum dominorum eiecti de civitatibus seu locis suis sive qui exiverunt proprio motu gaudere et uti debeant libere omnibus possessionibus et aliis bonis suis intus et extra, donec huiusmodi arbitrium fuerit promulgatum.

Kritički aparat

a) sic et saepe sic B.  b) seq. quod canc. B.  c) G. add. sup. l. et ex corr. B.  d) seq. sbr canc. B.  e) seq. tunc iter. B.  f) seq. ducem canc. B.  g) pacem et pacta] add sup. l. et ex corr. B.  h) ex srepitu corr. B.  i) seq. iis canc. B.


1) Reference to the peace treaty signed in Venice on March 8, 1285, edited here as doc. 1285_PAV.
2) Reference to the pact signed on April 24, 1254, edited here as doc. 1254_VG.
3) Reference to the pact signed on February 18, 1275, edited here as doc. 1275_VR.
4) The pact between Count Albert I of Gorizia and Venice does not survive in any manuscript tradition. It was most probably signed in 1279 following Count Albert I’s defeat in Istria and Venetian subjection of Koper, as narrated by Doge-Chronicler Andrea Dandolo: “Ceterum comes Pisini reconciliacionem a duce petitam optinet et castrum Sancti Laurencii Venetis restituit.” (Chronica per extensum descripta, ed. Pastorello, p. 326). However, this can also be a reference to the peace treaty from 1285 (as in fn. 1) which also included Count Albert I of Gorizia as one of the signees.
5) This Antignanum should not be mistaken for another Istrian Antignanum (Cro. Tinjan / Ital. Antignano) in the vicinity of Pazin and under the jurisdiction of the counts of Gorizia. The Antignanum mentioned in this document refers to Tinjan in the vicinity of Koper.

Medieval Recollections

The continuation of negotiations on October 23, 1289, in Treviso – doc. 1289_VA2.

Odabrana bibliografija
Pio Paschini, “Raimondo della Torre patriarca d’Aquileia,” Memorie storiche forogiuliesi 18 (1922): pp. 124–126.
Opaske urednika

The negotiations between the Patriarchate of Aquileia and Venice in 1286 bore absolutely no fruit and the two parties went to war against each other in 1287. The war would end in the late summer of 1289 and it would even include the intervention of the Holy See as Pope Nicholas IV dispatched Bernard, bishop of Tripoli, on September 5, 1289, to mediate between the parties and help them reach a lasting peace (cf. Ernest Langlois (ed.), Les registres de Nicolas IV, vol. 1 (Paris 1886), docs. 1334–1336, p. 271).

These negotiations, helmed by the bishop of Tripoli, officially began in October and, as the later records demonstrate, took place in Treviso, lasting until early November.

The records of these negotiations survive only as copies in the famed Codex Trevisaneus, a manuscript from the late 15th or early 16th century. These copies are somewhat jumbled and feature notable omissions. For example, the first part of the negotiations is in fact a decree of a Venetian body (most probably the Senate as it is not featured in the registers of the Great Council) whereby the negotiators representing the doge and the Commune of Venice were officially elected and constituted. If this election indeed took place on October 13, 1289, then the first round of negotiations in Treviso had to have taken place after this date but before October 23, when the second session took place (doc. 1289_VA2).

As the records show, the two parties agreed to elect Pope Nicholas IV as the judge arbiter in their dispute, whose promulgated verdict would be binding. Patriarch Raymond demanded the restitution of all Istrian cities and towns that at this point recognized Venetian authority, including the towns that supported Venice in the latest war (namely Muggia). Venice demanded the respect of old treaties signed between the Venetian doges and Aquileian patriarchs, namely the treaty with Gregory from 1254 (doc. 1254_VG), with Raymond from 1275 (doc. 1275_VR), and the peace treaty of 1285 signed with Patriarch Raymond, Count Albert I of Gorizia and the Commune of Trieste (doc. 1285_PAV). Venice also demanded the restitution of impounded goods and the payment of appropriate fines, to be determined either by the Venetian sages (as per the 1285 peace treaty) or by Bishop Bernard.

At this, first session, the two parties essentially agreed on the following: Pope Nicholas IV as the judge arbiter, the reinstitution of old pacts signed between Venetian doges and Aquileian patriarchs, the restitution and remuneration of impounded goods according to the verdict of the Venetian sages or Bishop Bernard, and lasting peace between the parties following the relegation of the dispute over Istrian jurisdictions to the pope. The Venetian restitution of Istrian towns and cities, however, remained an apple of discord.

The negotiations continued on October 23 and the records are edited in doc. 1289_VA2.

Kako citirati
First citation: Josip Banić (ed.), Fontes Istrie medievalis, vol. 4: A 1209 usque ad 1300, doc. 1289_VA1, fontesistrie.eu/1289_VA1 (last access: date).
Subsequent citations: FIM, 4: doc. 1289_VA1.
Faksimil
Izvor i informacije o preslicima

The publication of the facsimiles of B (Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Pacta e aggregati, Codex Trevisaneus, fols. 388r–389v) is granted free of charge by Archivio di Stato di Venezia by way of the “simplified procedure” of publishing archival facsimiles (La circolare della Direzione generale archivi n. 39 del 29 settembre 2017: procedura semplificata: pubblicazioni online che perseguano finalità scientifiche o pedagogiche, non beneficino di inserzioni pubblicitarie o commerciali e non siano soggette ad accesso a pagamento).

Photos by Archivio di Stato di Venezia.

The digital facsimiles remain under the exclusive copyright of Archivio di Stato di Venezia.