1289_VA2

Era
Vol. 4: A 1209 usque ad 1300
Date
October 23, 1289
Place
Regestum

Records of negotiations between Venice and Patriarch Raymond della Torre regarding jurisdictions in Istria, mediated by Bishop Bernard of Tripoli. On Bernard’s suggestion, the parties negotiate regarding a partial restitution of Venetian towns in Istria, a two-year truce, and a lasting peace following the promulgation of the arbitrational sentence of Pope Nicholas IV, the jointly elected judge arbiter in the dispute regarding Istrian jurisdictions.

Source
The original is lost; the text survives in the following manuscript tradition:
B = Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Pacta e aggregati, Codex Trevisaneus, fols. 389v–391r; late 15th-/early 16th-century simple copy “ex quaterno pergameno pręgrandi soluto absque titulo et, ut puto, mutilato”.
Previous Editions
Giovanni Batista Verci, Storia della Marca Trivigiana e Veronese, vol. 3 (Venice 1787), doc. 314, pp. 176–179.
Gian Rinaldo Carli, Appendici di documenti spettanti alla parte quarta delle Antichità italiche (Milan 1791), appendix 1, doc. 29, pp. 70–75.
Pietro Kandler (ed.), Codice diplomatico istriano, 2nd ed. (Trieste 1986), doc. 428, pp. 757–770; a combination of Verci’s and Carli’s edition, done without consulting any manuscripts.
FIM Edition
Diplomatic edition based on B. The copyist was “emending” the word forms by adding -ę and even -ae, but such “corrections” are carried out highly inconsistently; these “emendations” are, however, duly transcribed. The records of the sessions are comprised of different statements read in front of the mediator; these statements are recorded in the form of vidimus with their respective headings; these headings are marked with red font in the edition and the text of the statements is slightly indented.
The Venetian proposal consists of seven articles which would form the basis for the final sketch of treaty (cf. doc. 1289_VA4); these seven articles are here numbered 1V–7V; the Venetian reply given to Bishop Bernard consists of eight articles which are here numbered 1r–8r; these fifteen articles in total would then be reviewed by Patriarch Raymond in his counterproposal (cf. doc. 1289_VA4, articles 1A–11A).
Transcription

Die sabbati XXII octobris.

Venerabilis pater dominus B(ernardus) episcopus Tripolitanusa dedit dominis tractatoribus domini ducis Venetiarum quandam cedulam huius tenoris, videlicet:

Cum reverendus in Christo pater dominus B(ernardus) episcopus Tripolitanus pro parte sanctissimi patris et domini domini Nicolai pappęb IIII requisivisset venerabilem patrem dominum R(aymundum) patriarcham Aquilegiensem quod faceret domino duci et Communi Venetiarum treguas ad duos annos, pręfatus dominus patriarcha respondit, se ob reverentiam Apostolicę Sedis et ipsius domini episcopi et in favorem terrę sanctę paratum fore facere treguas huiusmodi ad dictum tempus et amplius, ad beneplacitum ipsius domini episcopi, ita quod ipse restituatur ad possessionem civitatum et castrorum Istrię quibus tempore suo spoliatus est, scilicet Iustinopolitana, Ęmonensi civitatum, et Montonę et Mucho, Grisignanę et vicinatus Sancti Petri et Antignanę castrorum, et terrarum Rubini, Insulę, Pirani et Humaghi, et castri et burghi Muglę, et iuris et iurisdictionis et dominii dictarum civitatum et castrorum; vel quod dictę civitates, terrę et castra ponantur ex nunc in manu Apostolice Sedis.

Et idem dominus patriarcha paratus est probare coram domino pappa possessionem et spoliationem predictarum civitatum, terrarum et castrorum, iuris, iurisdictionis et dominii prędictorum.

Placet et[iam]c domino patriarchę quod, si fieri contigerit treguas huiusmodi, relaxari debeant libere carcerati hinc inde vel saltem sub cautionibus, et eiecti de civitatibus et terris seu locis suis gaudere et uti debeant possessionibus et aliis bonis suis intus et extra.

Die predicto, Tarvisii in domibus ecclesię sancte Marie Maioris, ubi hospitatur dictus dominus episcopus Tripolitanus, presentibus domino Bernardo de Brugeriis priore de Pilizana et domno Bernardo de Brugeriis monacho Sarmodiensid capellani[s]e dicti domini episcopi, domino Simeone Mauro primicerio sancti Marci Venetiarum, Rustichino Benintendi notario.

Coram presentia venerabilis patris domini B(ernardi) Dei gratia episcopi Tripolitani, Apostolicę Sedis legati, ad exequendum et complendum cum domino duce et Communi Venetiarum sibi commissa per summum pontificem in subsidium terrę sanctę, nobiles viri domini Andreas Dandulo filius domini ducis, Hermolaus Iusto, Ioannes Cornarius procurator sancti Marci, Nicolaus Querinus et Rogerius Mauroceno tractatores et ambaxatores domini ducis et Communis Venetorum fecerunt legi quandam cedulam, cuius tenor talis est: “Super questionibus, controversiis et discordiis quę sunt et esse possunt inter venerabilem patrem dominum R(aymundum) patriarcham et ecclesiam Aquilegensem ex parte una et dominum ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex altera, super iurisdictione” et cetera usque in finem.

Et prędicta cedula perlecta et intellecta, talemf protestationem fecerunt coram ipso domino episcopo, sic dicentes:

“Dicimus et protestamur nos Andreas Dandulo filius domini ducis et socii, ut supra, tractatores et cetera, coram vobis et cetera, nomine ipsius domini ducis et Communis prefati, spe ratihabitionis ipsorum seu ab eis, qui parati sumus exequi et complere totaliter intuitu Dei, et ne succursus terrę sanctę impediatur, quod lectum est coram vobis et continetur in cedula antedicta, et modo et ordine supradicto dicimus et protestamur spe ratihabitionis predicti domini ducis et Communis seu ab eis de tregua facienda usque ad duos annos et complenda cum venerabili patre domino R(aymundo) patriarcha Aquilegensi, nunciata nobis per vos venerabilem patrem prędictum dominum episcopum Tripolitanum Apostolicę Sedis legatum.”

Et Gusmerius de Madonio interfuit et rogatus fuit inde conficere publicum instrumentum.

Tractatores prędicti dederunt suprascripto domino episcopo Tripolitano quamdam cedulam huius tenoris, videlicet:

[1V] Dicunt hambaxatoresg seu tractatores domini ducis et Communis Venetiarum quod dicti dominus dux et Commune Venetiarum sunt contenti quod super questionibus, controversiis et aliis super iurisdictione et iuribus totius provincię Istrię compromittatur in sanctissimum patrem dominum N(icolaum) papp(am) 4, ita quod simul et semel cognoscatur et diffiniatur per dictum dominum pap(am) tam de proprietate quam de possessione dictę iurisdictionis et aliorum dictorum iurium per arbitrationem, per arbitrium, per rationem, laudationem, ordinationem et amicabilem compositionem, alte et basse, sicut ei videbitur.h

[2V] De damnis vero datis hinc inde vadat damnum pro damno.

[3V] Item quod super restitutione mercationum et rerum mobilium acceptarum vel intromissarum seu impeditarum ante pacem factam per dominum episcopum Concordiensem cognoscatur per dictum dominum episcopum Tripolitanum de plano, sine strepitu iudiciorum. Et si rite processum est per sapientes de Veneciis iuxta tenorem pacis prędictę, debeat fieri restitutio et satisfactio secundum tenorem sententiarum datarum per sapientes prędictos, alioquin predictus dominus episcopus Tripolitanus debeat cognoscere et diffinire de plano et sine strepitu iudiciorum de sententiis supradictis, et debeat tamquam arbiter et amicabilis compositor diffinire.

[4V] Et quod pacta dudum inita inter dominum Gregorium olim electum Aquilegensem ex una parte et dominum R(aynerium) Geno tunc ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex altera1, et confirmatio et approbatio cum quibusdam additionibus factis inter dominum R(aymundum) patriarcham Aquileiensem ex una parte et dominum L(aurentium) Teupolo ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex altera2, et pacta facta inter dictum dominum R(aymundum) patriarcham et ecclesiam Aquileiensem ex una parte, et dominum Ioannem Dandulo ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex altera3, firma permaneant et penitus observentur.

[5V] Item quod pax et pacta facta inter dominum ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex una parte et dominum comitem Goricię ex altera penitus observentur4.

[6V] Item quod Commune et homines Tergesti debeant observare pacem et pacta facta inter dominum ducem et Commune Venetiarum ex una parte et ipsos ex altera1. De iniuriis vero, offensionibus et damnis datis et factis per eos domino duci, Communi et hominibus Venetiarum a tempore dictę pacis et pactorum hucusque compromittatur in dictum dominum episcopum Tripolitanum, et quod ipse de plano et sine strepitu iudiciorum possit cognoscere, ordinare et diffinire, prout sibi videbitur.

[7V] Item quod, facto compromisso in dominum pappam, ut dictum est, sit pax et fiat inter dominos suprascriptos et eorum vassallos, subditos, coadiutores et fautores.

Super facto tregue ita dicitur: “Quod fiat tregua usque ad duos annos, secundum quod vos domine episcope Tripolitane dixistis.”

Dominus episcopusi Tripolitanus dedit unam cedulam huius tenoris, videlicet:

Videtur domino episcopo Tripolitano quod, si fiat restitutio castrorum a tempore incepte ultimę guerrę occupatorum, possit fieri pax.

Castra autem vel loca sunt ista, scilicet: [1] Mucho, [2] vicinatus Sancti Petri, [3] Grisignanum, [4] Antignanum et [5] Mugla.

Et quamvis sit petitum ex parte domini patriarchę, quod debeat fieri restitutio, reparatio sive reedificatio castrorum illorum, sperat idem dominus episcopus quod, cum restitutione sine reparatione vel reedificatione faciet, dictum dominum patriarcham esse contentum.

Tractatores domini ducis dederunt dicto domino episcopo Tripolitano unam aliam cedulam huius tenoris:

[1r] Respondetur per tractatores domini ducis et [Communis]j Venetiarum domino episcopo Tripolitano quod dominus dux et Commune Venetiarum recepit burgum Muglę cum his pactis: quod facta concordia de guerra presenti, burgus Muglę debeat dimitti. Et paratus est dominus dux et Commune Venetiarum dimittere ipsum facta diffinitione inter ipsum dominum ducem, Commune et homines Venetiarum et Commune et homines de Tergesto dek his de quibus debet fieri compromissum in dicto domino episcopo, dummodo indulgeatur hominibus dicti burgi et fiat remissio per dictum dominum patriarcham de eo quod se dederunt domino duci et fuerunt cum eo in presenti guerra, salvis pactis et fidelitate in quibus homines dicti burgi tenentur domino duci et Communi Venetiarum. Castrum vero Muglę reddatur domino patriarchę facto compromisso secundum formam tractatus in dominum pappam et eo compromisso acceptato per ipsum, salvis pactis et fidelitate quibus homines dicti castri tenentur domino duci et Communi Venetiarum, dummodo indulgeatur hominibus dicti castri et fiat remissio per dominum patriarcham de eo quod se dederunt domino duci et fuerunt cum eo in presenti guerra.

[2r] De castro Mucho respondetur dicto domino episcopo quod hominibus de Tergesto, qui tenent dictum castrum de Mucho, reductis per pacem in Tergestum et super bonis eorum cum ea securitate quae videbitur dicto domino episcopo Tripolitano, ipsi debeant restituere dictum castrum domino episcopo et ecclesię Tergestinę. Quod si facere nollent, dominus dux non intromittet se de eis.

[3r] De Grisignano respondetur quod Vicardus coadiutor domini ducis et Venetorum tenet ipsum castrum sicut rem suam, et quod dominus dux intendit quod ipse Vicarius de dicto castro stabit sententię curię vassallorum dicti domini patriarchę Aquilegiensis. Quod si dictus Vicardus facere nolluerit, dominus dux non intromittet se de eo.

[4r] De vicinatu Sancti Petri respondetur quod, facto compromisso in dictum pappam secundum formam tractatus et eo acceptato per ipsum, reddetur vicinatus Sancti Petri cum tali conditione: quod aliqua fortilitia non fiant in eo, nisi prius diffinitum fuerit per dominum pappam de his de quibus fuerit compromissum in eo.

[5r] De Antignano respondetur quod Antignanum est de districtu Iustinopolis, quę dicitur Capystria, et cadit in compromissum sicut Iustinopolis, propter quod non videtur quod inde debeat fieri restitutio.

[6r] Item quod pro pace servanda apponatur pęna mille marcharum auri, medietas cuius penę cedat dictę ecclesię Romanę et altera medietas parti servanti pacem. In compromisso autem faciendo inl pappam similis pęna apponatur, cuius penę medietas cedit dictę ecclesię Romanę et altera medietas parti servanti pacem. In compromisso autem fiendo in dominum episcopum Tripolitanum secundum formam tractatus apponatur pęna quingentarum marcharum auri, cuius medietas cedat ut supra.

[7r] Item sicut iuratum fuit in pace per dictum dominum episcopum Concordiensem facta, ita iuretur in pace modo fienda.

[8r] Item quod apponatur pęna quę videbitur domino episcopo Tripolitano in omnibus et singulis capitulis tractatis super quibus non caderent penę supra expressę.m

Apparato critico

aseq. pro parte sanctissimi patris domini Nicolai IIII pappę canc. B.  bsic et saepe sic B.  csic B: seu pro eidem seu pro etiam.  dlect. dub. B.  e) capellani B; em. Banić.  fseq. profaciant canc. B.  gsic B.  h) (SC) ab isto cruce usque ad subsequentem crucem voluit facere dominus dux add. in marg. sin. B.  iiter. B.  jom. B.  kseq. qui canc. B.  lseq. dictum episcopum canc. B.  m) (SC) add. in marg. sin. B.


1) Reference to the pact signed on April 24, 1254, edited here as doc. 1254_VG.
2) Reference to the pact signed on February 18, 1275, edited here as doc. 1275_VR.
3) Reference to the peace treaty signed in Venice on March 8, 1285, edited here as doc. 1285_PAV.
4) The pact between Count Albert I of Gorizia and Venice does not survive in any manuscript tradition. It was most probably signed in 1279 following Count Albert I’s defeat in Istria and Venetian subjection of Koper, as narrated by Doge-Chronicler Andrea Dandolo: “Ceterum comes Pisini reconciliacionem a duce petitam optinet et castrum Sancti Laurencii Venetis restituit.” (Chronica per extensum descripta, ed. Pastorello, p. 326). However, this can also be a reference to the peace treaty from 1285 (as in fn. 3) which also included Count Albert I of Gorizia as one of the signees.

Medieval Recollections

The final sketch of the treaty, proposed on November 2, 1289, in Treviso – edited here as doc. 1289_VA4.

Selected Bibliography
Pio Paschini, “Raimondo della Torre patriarca d’Aquileia,” Memorie storiche forogiuliesi 18 (1922): pp. 124–126.
Editor's Notes

The continuation of negotiations that started a few days earlier (after October 13) – see doc. 1289_VA1.

On this session, Patriarch Raymond stated that he would be prepared to accept a two-year truce with Venice, proposed by the mediator Bishop Bernard of Tripoli, but under the condition that Venice restitutes Koper, Novigrad, Motovun, Moccò, Grožnjan, Sveti Peter, Tinjan (by Koper), Rovinj, Izola, Piran, Umag and Muggia. Interestingly, missing from the list are Poreč and Sveti Lovreč – these were either omitted by mistake (perhaps by the copyist) or the patriarch was ready to cede these two towns to Venice in return for all the rest (the first option seems more probable).

Venetian negotiators refused and called for the dispute regarding these jurisdictions to be settled by the binding arbitrational sentence of Pope Nicholas IV. Essentially, the Venetian envoys merely reiterated the demands they had stated in the previous sessions (cf. doc. 1289_VA1).

Following this Venetian reply, Bishop Bernard proposed his solution: the truce could be reached if Venice restitutes only the towns that they had taken over in the last war, namely Moccò Sveti Peter, Grožnjan, Tinjan (by Koper) and Muggia.

Venice replied, stating that they were willing to do so, but under the following conditions: first, the pope’s arbitrational sentence must be promulgated and accepted; second, Moccò must be returned to the bishops of Trieste; Muggia will be returned under the condition that the patriarch forgives the community for allying with Venice against him in the last war; Grožnjan will be returned to Weichard II (of Petrapilosa) who will be judged by the patriarch’s curia vassalorum; Sveti Peter will be restituted but under the condition that no fortifications be erected there unless explicitly allowed by Pope Nicholas IV; Tinjan, however, will not be restituted as it forms part of Koper’s district.

This Venetian response presents the nucleus from which the well-known Peace of Treviso of 1291 would eventually spring. Namely, the two parties felt that the treaty was close and on the very next day the Commune of Venice officially constituted its procurators to seal the deal with Patriarch Raymond, that is, sign either a truce or a peace treaty, and enter into arbitrational proceedings with Pope Nicholas IV and Bishop Bernard of Tripoli regarding Istrian jurisdictions – see doc. 1289_VA3.

The negotiations continued on November 2, 1289, the final session that produced the sketch of the treaty that would eventually morph into the 1291 Peace of Treviso – see doc. 1289_VA4.

How to Cite
First citation: Josip Banić (ed.), Fontes Istrie medievalis, vol. 4: A 1209 usque ad 1300, doc. 1289_VA2, fontesistrie.eu/1289_VA2 (last access: date).
Subsequent citations: FIM, 4: doc. 1289_VA2.
Facsimile
Image Source and Info

The publication of the facsimiles of B (Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Pacta e aggregati, Codex Trevisaneus, fols. 389v–391r) is granted free of charge by Archivio di Stato di Venezia by way of the “simplified procedure” of publishing archival facsimiles (La circolare della Direzione generale archivi n. 39 del 29 settembre 2017: procedura semplificata: pubblicazioni online che perseguano finalità scientifiche o pedagogiche, non beneficino di inserzioni pubblicitarie o commerciali e non siano soggette ad accesso a pagamento).

Photos by Archivio di Stato di Venezia.

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