The brothers Maynard IV and Albert I, counts of Gorizia and Tirol, formally divide their patrimony, with Maynard receiving the County of Tyrol and Albert the County of Gorizia, including jurisdictions in Istria.
In nomine Domini nostri Iesu Christi, amen.
Anno nativitatis Eiusdem MoCCLXXIo, indictione XIIIa, die mercurii, IIIIo intrante marcio, in castro Tyrol, presentibus dominis Hæinrico comite de Eschenloch, Hartmanno Tarando de Tyrol, Hæinrico de Mærniga, Berhtoldo Chrelle, Rudberto de Mattrey, Suppelino de Velsekke, Alberto de Metz, Ulrico Moulrap, Abelino de Vellenberch, Hæinrico de Læyano, Berhtoldo burchgravio et Alberone plebano de Mærniga scriba, Hænrico de Mitterburch, Iacobo de Rogonia, Friderico de Eberstæin, Liupoldo et Gerlocho de eodem loco, Ernesto de Lueͣnz, Hæinrico et Ottone de Gesiez, Wolfelino de Sebriach, Mæinhardo de Chestelier, Hæinrico et Friderico de castro Sancti Michahelis, Chunrado scriba plebano de Aeznik testibus et aliis.
Domini Mæinhardus et Albertus fratres, illustres comites Goricie ac Tyrolis, volentes patrimonium et hereditatem suam ac alia bona inter se dividere sic fuere concordes:
[1] Quod clusam in Haslach, tam ex una parte fluvii Rienz quam ex altera usque ad cacumina montium, limitem utriusque comitatus et dominii, scilicet Goricie ac Tyrolis, concorditer statuerunt, ita videlicet quod omnia et singula, que a dicta clusa infra versus Tyrol et eius dominium et comitatum in allodiis, feudis, advocatiis, iurisdicionibus, omagiis, honoribus, ministerialibus et hominibus aliis ac quibuscumque bonis et iuribus, quesitis et non quesitis, cultis et incultis existunt, ad comitatum et dominium pertineant Tyrolensem, que resignante ac dante domino Alberto comite prelibato in manibus domini Mæinhardi comitis fratris sui in partem cesserunt ipsi comiti Mæinhardo libere et absolute, salvis et exclusis theloneis universis et moneta de Merano, que infra comitatum et dominium Tyrolensem existere dinoscuntur, et bonis, castris, iuribus ecclesie ac civitatis Tridentine et tocius eius districtus atque castro Bersen per violentiam occupatis.
[2] De theloneis quidem predictis domini comites antedicti inter se taliter concordarunt: quod dominus Mæinhardus comes Tyrolensis trecentarum marcarum redditus de uno vel pluribus theloneis pretaxatis, ubi sibi magis placuerit, singulariter habeat et absolute in parte sua. Qui redditus pro redditibus, in quibus superhabundabat Comitatus Goricie, redditibus Comitatus Tyrolensis ipsi domino M(æinhardo) comiti sunt dati et deputati, residuis theloneis et moneta predictis comitatus et dominii Tyrolensis ac iuribus et bonis quibuscumque prelibatis ecclesie Tridentine per violentiam occupatis inter ipsos dominos comites equaliter dividendis, salvo iure ecclesiarum et personarum quarumlibet que a solucione ipsorum theloneorum sunt exempte.
[3] Et dominus Albertus comes Goricie in custodia civitatis et ecclesie Tridentine ac munitionum eius equales facere debebit cum dicto fratre suo expensas. Cum autem ipsi domino M(æinhardo) comiti visum fuerit expedire, quod cum episcopo Tridentino, qui nunc est vel pro tempore fuerit, concordie ineat unionem super restituendis sibi predicta civitate Tridentina, castris, iuribus et bonis quibuscumque per violenciam occupatis, hoc facere debebit et tenebitur requisito et obtento domini Alberti fratris sui consilio et assensu, que sibi non debebit fraude vel malitia denegare. Et quicquid pro tali concordia unus vel ambo dictorum fratrum perperint equali inter se dividant porcione.
[4] De domino Hæinrico de Welfesperch et Ottone dicto Welf sepedicti domini comites sic fuerunt concordes: quod ipsi ministeriales ambo sint domini M(æinhardi) comitis Tyrolensis et eorum pueri utriusque sexus, quos habent vel habituri sunt, inter ipsos dominos comites equaliter dividantur. Quod si quilibet vel alter dictorum ministerialium unum tantum filium habuerit, idem filius de ministerialibus dicti comitis Goricie tenebitur ducere uxorem et liberi ex tali matrimonio procreati inter dictos dominos comites equaliter dividantur. Quod si predicti H(æinricus) Welfespergarius et Otto dictus Welf vel alter eorum sine herede masculo decesserit, feuda et bona ipsorum ac homines vel alterius eorum cuilibet dictorum dominorum comitum cedent sive ab eis sive ab aliis quibuscumque dominis ea, nisi fuerint possedisse in integrum et in totum possidenda, prout in eorum comitum sunt terminis constituta.
[5] Sane domina Elizabeth uxor domini M(æinhardi) comitis Tyrolensis refutavit et dedit in manibus domini Alberti comitis Goricie omnia iura que in castris Sand Michelspurch et Ræsen ac hominibus et bonis ibidem sibi racione dotalicii competere videbantur vel eciam competebant, dans eidem domino Al(berto) comiti nuncium dominum Hæinricum de dicto Sand Michelspurch, qui eum in corporalem possessionem mittat dictorum castrorum, hominum et bonorum.
[6] Verum dictus dominus M(æinhardus) comes Tyrolensis tenebitur et debebit dominum Al(bertum) comitem fratrem suum adiuvare cum ducentis personis armatis contra ecclesiam Aquilegensem et patriarcham, qui ibidem fuerit, quamdiu de presenti gwerra cum ipsa ecclesia vel patriarcha non fuerit concordatus, et tenebitur ipse dominus M(æinhardus) comes et debebit tractatui concordie proximo imminenti inter ipsam ecclesiam Aquilegensem et prefatum comitem Al(bertum) personaliter interesse ac bona fide procurare, quod ipsa concordia reformetur.
[7] Item idem dominus M(æinhardus) comes tenebitur et debebit fideliter procurare, quod sibi et fratri suo castrum Linte cum suis pertinenciis per Salzburgensem electum vel archiepiscopum conferatur in rectum et legale feudum, quod quidem castrum cum suis pertinenciis ad ipsum comitem Al(bertum) solum pertinebit.
[8] Ex alia vero parte cluse in Haslach utrobique dicti fluvii Rienz usque ad cacumina moncium infra versus Lveͣnz et alias partes comitatus et dominii Goricie omnia et singula allodia, feuda, advocacie, iurisdiciones, omagya, iura, honores, ministeriales et homines alii, bona quesita et non quesita, culta et inculta, et nominatim fasallatica in Cadubrio ex quibus dominus Gerhardus de Camino est fasallus comitum predictorum, ad comitatum et dominium Goricie et dominum Albertum comitem ibidem in totum et integraliter pertinebunt, salvis theloneis et gelæito ipsius comitatus et dominii Goricie, que inter memoratos dominos comites sunt equaliter dividenda.
[9] Debita quoque omnia que infra comitatum et dominium Tyrolensem per ipsos dominos comites sunt contracta dominus M(æinhardus) comes solus persolvet. Similiter debita omnia per ipsos comites in comitatu et dominio Goricie contracta solus persolvet comes Albertus.
[10] Item bona hereditaria que dicti domini comites ad se devolvi expectant, cum vacaverint et ad manus unius ipsorum vel amborum comitum ex morte possessorum ipsorum bonorum devenerint, inter ipsos comites sunt equaliter dividenda.
[11] Item talem pactum sepedicti domini comites sponte adinvicem fecerunt: quod si ministerialis vel ministeriales alterius eorum alicui ministeriali vel ministerialium alterius ipsorum nupserint, pueri ex huiusmodi matrimonio vel matrimoniis procreati equaliter debent dividi inter comites memoratos.
[12] Item ipsi domini comites inter se concorditer statuerunt, quod si alter eorum, quod absit, decesserit sine herede, ad alium ipsorum, qui superstes fuerit, vel eius heredes bona defuncti universa, feuda, allodia, non obstante divisione predicta, libere devolvantur ac integraliter revertantur.
[13] Item dicti comites adinvicem promiserunt firmiter et constanter, quod alter ipsorum alium non impediet in omnibus supradictis vel aliquo predictorum, vel aliquod dampnum aut fraudem non inferat, vel in preiudicium alterius eorum aliquas municiones non erigat aut emptiones de bonis, hominibus, iurisdicionibus seu quibuscumque rebus aliis infra comitatum alterius et dominium constitutis contrahere non debeat sine alterius voluntate et assensu.
Que omnia et singula suprascripta et infrascripta prefati domini comites corporaliter iuraverunt inter se observare et rata ac firma tenere et non venire contra predicta vel aliquod predictorum aliqua racione, ingenio sive causa, nichilominus penam super hoc statuentes quod si alter eorum contra predicta vel aliquod predictorum fecerit vel venerit, nisi infra duodecim septimanas, postquam super hoc fuerit requisitus, passo, dampnum vel iniuriam emendaverit, hanc penam incidit et incurrat, videlicet dominus M(æinhardus) comes castrum Cufedoun cum pertinenciis suis omnibus pro pena ammittat ad dominum Albertum comitem libere devolvendum; econverso dominus Al(bertus) comes castrum Virge cum tot redditibus et pertinenciis quot habet castrum Cufedoun similiter ammittat pro pena ad dictum dominum M(æinhardum) comitem devolvendum.
In predictorum autem omnium testimonium evidens et stabilem firmitatem presentem paginam super hiis conscriptam sepedicti domini M(æinhardi) comitis Tyrolensis et Al(berti) comitis Goricie sigillorum suorum pendencium fecerunt munimine roborari.
(SP) (SP)
The 1271 division treaty formalized what was already agreed upon in 1267, namely that the Tirolean patrimony would be left to Maynard IV and everything else to Albert I with the Mühlbach Pass Fort (Germ. Mühlbacher Klause, Ital. Chiusa di Rio di Pusteria) just north of Bressanone acting as a natural border dividing the two counties (see doc. 1267_DG).
Family’s patrimony to the west of this border was left to Maynard IV, who should from this point on be termed as Count Maynard II of Tirol.
To the east of Mühlbach Pass, however, lay the core of the patrimonies of the House of Gorizia, which included not only the Friulian possessions centered around Gorizia, but also the lands and jurisdictions in Upper Carinthia with the center in Lienz and Castle Bruck, the Karst and Istria with the center in Pazin. This entire “packet” of lands and jurisdictions was dubbed “the County of Gorizia” in this document (that is, comitatus et dominium Goritie to be precise, a term that appears for the very first time precisely in this document), but these territories were not connected. From the 14th century onwards, the “County of Gorizia” was geographically divided into those parts above Kreuzberg Pass (Ital. Monte Croce Comelico) and those below it. For the Gorizian lands north of Kreuzberg Pass, in present-day Austria, the term enhalb Kreuzbergs and, later, vordere Grafschaft (“outer County”) was used. South of Kreuzberg Pass was the “inner County”, that is, Friulian, Karstic, and Istrian possessions of House Gorizia.
Maynard was aware that his brother had gotten territories that yielded more profit, so he made sure that Albert subsidized him accordingly, with a yearly stipend of three hundred marks.
Count Albert, however, received the lordship over Michelsburg and Atrasen castles in South Tirol, which Elisabeth of Bavaria (Count Maynard’s wife) received as her “morning gift” (Morgengabe) from her husband.
In addition, the incomes from tolls, escort rights (Geleitrecht), and the mint in Merano were to be equally divided between the brothers.
The ministerials were divided similarly to how they were divided between the Aquileian patriarch and Count Maynard III in 1240 (see doc. 1240_PG) – if the ministerial of one brother marries into the ministerial family of the other, their children ought to be divided equally between the two counts.
Also, in case one of them should die heirless, the other would inherit all the patrimony.
Finally, the brothers promised to help each other and aid each other’s war efforts, with Albert’s ongoing war against the Aquileian patriarch being explicitly mentioned.
As Baum (cited above) argued, this division of patrimony ultimately weakened the House of Gorizia and only benefited their adversaries. Even the two progenies of the two branches of House Gorizia–Tirol would often find themselves in inimical relations.