Patriarch Ulrich I of Aquileia completes the foundation of the monastery of Moggio begun by his predecessor Frederick at Count Kazelin’s request, endowing it with the count's allodial properties and adding his own donations, including Oprtalj and the mills in Lim Bay in Istria.
“Bonus homo de bono thesauro cordis sui profert bonum.”1
Quapropter notum sit omnibus Christi fidelibus, tam presentibus quam futuris, qualiter comes Kacelinus allodium suum potenter et absque omni contradictione Friderico patriarche tradidit, summopere rogans, quod in eodem predio divinum famulatum ordinaret. Quod quia Fridericus patriarcha morte preventus solvere non potuit, successor eius Odalricus patriarcha feliciter adimplevit.
Nam hunc locum ad honorem sancte et individue Trinitatis et sancte crucis sancteque Dei genitricis Marie et sancti Iohannis baptiste, sancti Iohannis ewangeliste et sanctorum apostolorum Andree, Bartholomei et Mathei, sanctorum eciam martyrum Blasii, Canti, Canciani, Chrisogoni, Georgii, Taciani, Germani, Gervasii et Protasii atque beatorum confessorum Martini et nomine sancti Galli, Magni, Othmari, nec non sanctarum virginum Cecilie, Margarete, Columbe construxit atque antedicti comitis allodio dotavit.
Hec autem sunt loca, que comes Kacelinus in odorem suavitatis Domino libavit, que eciam Odalricus patriarcha tamquam fidelis et prudens servus supra familiam Domini constitutus perenniter huic ecclesie copulavit:
[1] Inprimis quicquid in hoc loco predictus comes habuit cum omnibus pertinenciis, [2] apud Velach superius et inferius XXIII mansos et [3] Sartum montem, [4] ad montem Habilem II cum omnibus ad ista pertinentibus huic monasterio dicavit ac tribuit, [5] ad hoc eciam quicquid Mariani [6] et montem unum Lanhs [7] et apud Fulstriz quicquid in proprium possedit et habuita, [8] ad Adelarium II mansos, [9] in loco qui Fortis appellatur II, [10] locum eciam qui dicitur Ingan sicut ipse possederat omni iure omnique possessione et habitu huic loco semper fixum et inmobile stabilivit, [11] apud Bellunum VIII mansos contradidit.
Preterea idem patriarcha, perpendens quod “qui seminat in benedictionibus de benedictionibus metet”2 vitam eternam, hunc locum eciam ex sui parte decenter ampliando magnificavit:
[12] In villa que dicitur Plaguz quinquaginta mansos, [13] apud Walehen VIIII mansos, [14] apud Colles sedecim mansos, [15] ad Selcanum X, [16] Utini unum, [17] ad Basilanum II mansos, [18] in villa que Inponz vocatur II, [19] in Versenga I, [20] in nemore Shint in villa Caum I ad nutriendos porcos et pro utilitate communionis villarum, scilicet Plaguz et Ingan, [21] in Casteluno sedecim mansos, [22] Bangarie III mansos, [23] in Avencione I;
[24] et in Histria locum qui Portus vocatur cum omnibus sibi pertinentibus isti ecclesie datum confirmavit.
[25] Duas eciam molas in Leima sitas dedit, [26] decimas quoque de Furniz [27] et de quibusdam aliis villis in plebe Sancte Marie de Villach [28] et in plebe Sancti Iohannis de Gil sitis quas ipse in proprios usus habuit [29] cum decimis iuxta lacum Wizinse et duobus mansis piscatoriis huic loco dedit ac stabilivit.
[30] Tres eciam plebes his supradictis rebus coniunxit, unam videlicet de Cavash [31] et alteram de Ingan cum omni iure plebis et placiti christianitatis, [32] terciam de Corto absque iure placiti christianitatis.
[33] Similiter hospitale quod est ad Clusam [34] et hospitale quod est Aquilegie utrobique ab eodem patriarcha ordinatum et constructum cum omnibus que sibi attinent ad hoc monasterium dedit, ordinavit, subiugavit sic scilicet, ut ab istius loci abbate regatur, quodque super XII prebendas cottidie pauperibus ordinatas ibidem excreverit, totum ad utilitatem istorum confratrum conponatur.
Si quis autem, quod absit, ex omnibus his, que sic ecclesie collocata sunt, aliquid auferre vel inminuere presumpserit, de libro vivencium deleatur et ab eterno Iudice atque omnibus sanctis Eius condempnatus cum Iuda traditore imperenni suplicio comburatur.
[35] Super hoc totum aream unam in Carinthia que Ek[k]ob vocatur, quam dux Henricus pro advocacia Aquileiensi patriarche dederat cum piscatoribus atque omnibus ad eandem curiam pertinentibus [36] et transitum apud Pobenvelt, quod specialiter ad fratrum vestimenta ordinavit, huic loco dedit ac confirmavit.
Huius rei testes sunt: Andreas Nove Civitatis episcopus, abbas Gaudencius de Sumaco, abbas Kebeno de Sancto Odalrico, de capellanis Otto Aquilegiensis archidiaconus, Sefridus et Waltpertus, Cuono Austrie prepositus et Wolfradus, Hiltiprandus et Benedictus archipresbiteri, de laicis vero Iohannes filius Azzonis, Lupoldus filius Pebonis, Iohannes Aquilegensis vicedominus, Hiltipoldus dapifer, Gotefridus, Gerungus, Cuono villicus, Ruozi, Hermanus, Riwinus Rivarius, Sigeboto, Odalricus, Chuonradus, Odalricus Stolich, Hiltiboldus, Iohannes, Bertaldus Piko, Bertaldus de Glemona et fratre[s]c eius Penzo, Duringus et Amicus et alii quam plures clerici atque laici.
Actum est hoc anno incarnacionis dominice MoLXXIIo, IIIIo idus novembris, XIIa indictione.
Ego Odalricus Aquilegensis patriarcha manu propria subscripsi atque, ut in postmodum ratum et probabile permaneat, hanc cartam sigillo nostro iussimus insigniri.
a) et habuit] add. sup. l. B. b) lac. B; em. Härtel. c) fratre B: seu pro fratres seu pro frater; fratres em. Härtel.
1) VULG, Luc. 6:45.
2) VULG II Cor. 9:6.
The document served as a template for several later charters, including:
The forged charter of Count Kazelin’s Last Will, dated to 1070, but actually forged in the 14th century – edited in Reinhard Härtel, Die älteren Urkunden des Klosters Moggio (bis 1250) (Vienna 1985), doc. U1, pp. 77–78.
Pope Lucius III’s confirmation charter issued to Abbot Gislerus of Saint Gallus monastery in Moggio in 1184 – to be edited here in the near future (see Reinhard Härtel, Die älteren Urkunden des Klosters Moggio (bis 1250) (Vienna 1985), doc. U28, pp. 98–99).
Pope Gregory IX’s confirmation charter issued to the monastery of Saint Gallus in Moggio in 1228 – to be edited here in the near future (see Reinhard Härtel, Die älteren Urkunden des Klosters Moggio (bis 1250) (Vienna 1985), doc. U57, pp. 113–115).
In 1166, Patriarch Ulrich II exchanged jurisdictions with the Saint Gall’s monastery, bequeathing certain possessions in San Canziano and between Fiumicello and the Karst, and receiving in exchange Oprtalj in Istria – edited here as doc. 1166_MP.
The present document, a blatant forgery but based on authentic documentation, has generated considerable interpretative dissonances in both Friulian and Istrian historiography.
First, the document is a forgery, as demonstrated by the non-concordant dating elements (the 12th indiction does not correspond to the year 1072 but to either 1074 or 1089, hence Kandler’s dating) and the anachronistic list of consecrated saints. Moreover, Patriarch Ulrich I could not have donated Oprtalj to Saint Gall’s monastery in Moggio either in 1072 (when he was still not elected Aquileian patriarch) or in 1089, as castrum Portulense had been donated to the Patriarchate of Aquileia only in 1102 (see doc. 1102_DWR).
As surmised by Härtel (cited above), the forgery must have been made after Patriarch Pilgrim I issued his solemn privilege to this monastery (doc. 1136_PM), a charter that served as one of the bases upon which this forgery was drawn. In addition, the inclusion of Oprtalj on the property list suggests a terminus ante quem of 1166, the year when the abbot of Saint Gall and Patriarch Ulrich II traded properties, the latter receiving Oprtalj (doc. 1166_MP).
Even though the document is a forgery, its contents are based on authentic documentation – there is no reason to doubt Count Kazelin’s involvement in the original endowment, and there is no reason to doubt that it was Patriarch Ulrich I (r. 1086–1121) who completed the foundation of the monastery following the death of his predecessor, Patriarch Frederick (r. 1084–1085). Thus, the document reflects a retrospective codification of factual possessions and rights, dressed in the style of an older confirmation-endowment charter to grant it authoritative weight.
From the perspective of Istrian history, the document is important for the inclusion of Oprtalj and the mills in the Lim Bay that Patriarch Ulrich I donated to the newly erected monastery in Moggio. Oprtalj would remain under the secular potestas of St. Gall’s monastery until 1166, when it returned under the secular jurisdiction of the Aquileian patriarchs.
Therefore, Milotić (cited above) grossly errs when he writes that “Oprtalj is mentioned in the charters for the first time in 1089 as in Istria locum qui Portus vocatur cum omnibus” (which he then tragicomically translates as “in Istria there is a place that all call Portus”). This factoid contaminated much of Istrian historiographical production on the topic ever since its publication in 2009. Since this document was drawn up after 1136, the very first mention of Oprtalj in historical sources must be dated to 1102, when the town was donated to the Church of Aquileia by Count Ulrich II of Weimar-Orlamünde, a charter that is, proh dolor, preserved only in the form of a late-14th-century regestum.