1001_GA | Fontes Istrie medievalis

Era

Vol. 2: A 804 usque ad 1077

Series

Diplomata

Acta publica

Acta imperatorum et regum Romanorum

Date

April 28, 1001

Place

Ravenna

Regestum

Emperor Otto III donates half of castrum Solkan and half of village Gorizia, together with half of the territories between Rivers Isonzo/Soča, Vipava/Vipacco, and the plateau of Trnovo, to the Church of Aquileia and its incumbent Patriarch John IV.

Subjects

Otto III, rex Romanorum, imperator Imperii Romanorum

Iohannes IV, patriarcha Aquileiensis (984-1019)

Source

The original is lost; the text survives in the following manuscript traditions:

B = Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Miscellanea ducali e atti diplomatici, busta 2, doc. A/1; a vidimus, based on the original, from November 27, 1195, with the following heading: Exemplum domini tertii Ottonis serenissimi imperatoris actum in palacio Aquilegensi anno Domini millesimo C LXXXV, IIII^o die exeunte novembris, indictione XIII, made and authenticated by notary Peter with the following formula: Dominus Iohannes sancte Aquilegensis ecclesie tesorarius necnon dominus Regenardus et Martinus eiusdem ecclesie canonici ad audiendum autenticum domn[i] Ottonis serenissimi et invictissimi cesaris et hoc eius exemplum interfuerunt et huius rei rogati sunt testes. Ego Petrus imperialis notarius, ut vidi in autenticum domni Ottonis serenissimi et invictissimi cesaris inta [sic!] transcripsi, nil addens vel minuens quod ‡sentenciam mutaret‡ (SN).

C1 = Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Consultori in iure, ms. 345: Privileggi antichi d’Acquileia, fol. 8r–9r; a simple copy from mid-15th century.

C2 = Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Consultori in iure, ms. 345: Privileggi antichi d’Acquileia, fasc. 4, fol. 7r; a simple copy from mid-15th century.

D = Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Consultori in iure, ms. 366/2: Pertinentia Patriarcatui Aquileiensi et patriae Foriiulii, fol. 7r; late-15th-century simple copy under the following heading written in red ink: Privilegium serenissimi domini Ottonis tertii Romanorum imperatoris; and another heading in the upper right corner in black ink and by another hand: Privilegium domini Octonis tercii Romanorum imperatoris concessum domini Ioanni patriarche Aquilegiensi de anno M^oI^o.

E = Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Consultori in iure, ms. 366/3, fol. 28v–29v; a copy authenticated by eight notaries on September 14, 1481, made by Thomas Taureanus of Spilimbergo on the mandate of the Venetian deputy in Friuli Giacomo Venerio; the copy has the following heading, added on the left margin in red ink: Donatio Ottonis tertii imperatoris Ioanni patriarche Aquilegensi et successoribus suis de medietate castelli quod dicitur Siliganum et medietatem ville vocate Sclavorum lingua Goriza.

F = Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Consultori in iure, ms. 366/4: Tractatus Iacobi Gordini Marianensis sancte ecclesie Aquileyensis humilis archidiaconi magnifico et clarissimo domino Hieronymo Vendramino patrię Foroiulii pręsidi integerrimo, fol. 22v–23r; a copy authenticated by notary Franciscus de Lugo on June 5, 1493, and under the following heading: Constat hic infra Gorize medietatem ab Imperio specialiter datam fuisse Aquilegiensi ecclesie et omnia que in hoc ipso privilegio continentur specialissima quod, si dominus comes habet, habet a patriarcha vel occupat, nam ab Imperio non, quia ab illo datur ecclesie Aquilegiensi ut supra lege totum. The copy features the heading of a vidimus upon which it is based: In Christi nomine. Exemplum ex autentico relevatum.

G = Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Consultori in iure, ms. 366/5: Privilegia et iura illustrissimi ducalis Dominii Venetiarum et cetera contra comitem Goritie et cetera presentata per Thomasium Taureano, fol. 3r–v; a copy authenticated by notary Peter Passerini on February 15, 1486; the copy is made ex autenticis privilegiis et registris ac libro Thesauri sancte Aquilegiensis ecclesie; the copy is titled in the opening table of contents with the following heading: Privilegium Ottonis tercii imperatoris qualiter ipse imperator donavit Iohanni patriarche Aquilegiensi castrum quod dicitur Siliganum videlicet medietatem et medietatem Gorize necnon omnes villas in Comitatu Foroiuliensi et omnes res que sunt inter Ysontium et Vipaum et Ortaona et iuga Alpium cum omni publica functione et cetera.

H = A notarial copy from 1491 formerly in the Library of the Chapter of Cividale, consulted by Sickel for the MGH edition, but, unfortunately, one that I was unable to find. The holdings of the Chapter of Cividale are nowadays in the Museo Archeologico Nazionale in Cividale, but the relative series, the Pergamene ex-Capitolari, does not catalogue this copy in the respective inventory.

Previous Editions

Theodor von Sickel (ed.), Ottonis III. diplomata / Die Urkunden Otto des III., Monumenta Germaniae historica, Diplomata regum et imperatorum Germaniae 2 (Hannover 1893), doc. 402, pp. 835–836; reconstructive edition based on BC1C2EH.

Peter Štih, “Villa quae Sclavorum lingua vocatur Goriza”: Studie über zwei Urkunden Kaiser Ottos 3. aus dem Jahre 1001 für den Patriarchen Johannes von Aquileia und den Grafen Werihen von Friaul (DD. O. 3. 402 und 412) (Nova Gorica 1999), 29–32; based on MGH edition, but with the translation of the charter in German.

FIM Edition

The following is a collated edition based on BC1C2DEFG, favoring B – the only copy that without doubt stems from the nowadays lost original – and with different readings from other manuscripts and Sickel’s edition reported in the critical apparatus; the differences between sibilant -ti/-ci are not reported in the critical apparatus and the edition follows the variants in B; copies C1C2DEFG all seem to stem from a common source, most probably a vidimus, whose title was erroneously copied in F together with the text of the charter, that is nowadays also lost.

Transcription

(SC)^a In nomine sancte et individue Trinitatis.^b

Tercius^c Otto^d Romanorum^e Dei gratia imperator augustus.

Si ecclesias Dei restaurare rectoresque^f earum nostro munere sublimare studuerimus, id ad statum nostri Imperii necnon ad eterne^g vite supplementum^h proficereⁱ nequaquam ambigimus^j.

Quocirca notum sit omnibus sancte Dei ecclesie nostrisque^k fidelibus presentibus atque futuris, Ottonem illustrissimum ducem nostrumque dilectum^l fidelem^m nostram humiliterⁿ exorasse clemenciam, quatenus pro Dei amore nostreque^o anime remedio sanctam Aquilegensem^p ecclesiam rectoremque illius, Iohannem^q scilicet^r venerabilem patriarcham, nostre largitatis munere exaltare^s dignaremur.

Cuius dignis peticionibus aures^t nostre dominacionis pro more solito accomodantes^u sanctamque Dei ecclesiam^v quondam Ungarorum^w sevicia^x devastatam nunc magnas necessitates perpeti considerantes, medietatem unius castelli quod dicitur Siliganum^y et medietatem unius ville que Sclavorum lingua^z vocatur Goriza^a' necnon medietatem omnium domorum, vinearum, camporum, pratorum, pascuorum, herbaticorum, placitorum, collectarum^b', angariarum, molendinorum, aquarum^c' aquarumque decursuum^d', piscacionum, silvarum^e', pabulaticorum^f', venacionum necnon omnium rerum quas in^g' illis predictis locis Syligano^h' atque Goriza^i' vel in finibus locorum que sunt inter Ysoncium^j' et Wipaum^k' et Ortaona atque iuga Alpium, prout iuste et legaliter possumus^l', cum^m' nominatis finibus predicte Aquilegensi ecclesie atque rectori eius Iohanni patriarche suisque successoribus per huius imperialis precepti^n' paginam^o' donamus atque ex nostro iure in eius ius et^p' dominium transfundimus atque perdonamus.

Insuper^q' eciam concedimus ac^r' cum omni publica^s' functione largirmur eidem ecclesie eiusque rectoribus, qui pro tempore fuerint, omnes villas quas iam dictus patriarcha vel eius antecessores habent edificatas^t' in Comitatu Foroiuliensi post Ungarorum^u' nefandam^v' devastacionem, tam in^w' terra de Patriarchatu quam^x' in^y' terra de Concordiensi Episcopatu et Sextensi abbacia seu in terra bonorum^z' hominum^a'' qui sine heredibus mortui sunt^b'', sive in terra nostro^c'' dominio pertinenti, quasque villas nunc predictus^d'' patriarcha ad sue sedis utilitatem^e'' in sua investitura tenet, cum omnibus pertinenciis suis et circa^f'' unamquamque earum^g'' per duos^h'' miliarios^i'' ex omni parte adiacenciis.

Eodemque^j'' ordine, ut nullus dux, comes nullaque Regni nostri^k'' persona in eisdem villis placitare, fotrum^l'', collectas^m'', angarias exigere aliquamve potestatem exercere presumat^n'' preter eum qui Aquilegensis ecclesie gubernacula^o'' regere videbitur.

Preterea sepe dicte ecclesie largimur eciam omne illud herbaticum quod publice^p'' rei exactores a famulis vel a^q'' liberis in terra predicte ecclesie habitantibus sive scusatis de montanis in herbam^r'' venientibus per Ficariam et Petram fictam necnon per clusam^s'' de Avencione^t'' vel ubicumque transientibus^u'' exigere solebant, nullam nostro iuri partem inde reservantes, sed volumus atque firmiter iubemus ut predictus patriarcha Iohannes suique successores omnia que superius scripta^v'' sunt perpetuis temporibus ad sue sedis utilitatem teneat omniumque hominum contradictione remota possideat^w''.

Si quis autem^x'' huius nostri imperialis precepti donacionem inquietare vel infringere temptaverit, sciat se compositurum auri optimi^y'' libras mille, medietatem camere^z'' nostre et medietatem predicte sedi eiusque rectoribus.

Quod, ut verius credatur diligentiusque^a''' ab omnibus observetur, manu propria corroborantes^b''' sigillo nostro atque bulla subter iussimus bullari^c''' atque insigniri^d'''.

Signum domni^e''' Ottonis serenissimi (SM)^f''' et invictissimi cesaris.

Heribertus^g''' cancellarius in vice Petri Cumani episcopi et^h''' archicancellarii recognovit.

Data autem IIII^i''' kalendas maii^j''', anno Dominice incarnationis M^k''' primo^l''', indictione XIIII^m''', anno^n''' tercii Ottonis regnantis XVII, imperii vero^o''' eius V.

Actum Ravenne^p'''.

Feliciter, amen.

Critical apparatus

a) om. C1C2DEFG et Sickel. b) In nomine—Trinitatis] om. C1C2EG. c) litteris capitalibus C1. d) Tercius Otto] litteris capitalibus E. e) C1C2DEFG; Romanus B. f) rectores C2. g) aeternę et saepe sic -e in -ae seu -ę mutavit E; eternę et saepe sic -e in -ę mutavit G. h) suplementum E. i) ex profiscere corr. C1. j) C1C2DEFG; ambimus B. k) nostrique EF. l) dillectum E. m) dilectum fidelem] C1C2DEFG; inv. B. n) ex humiliterit corr. B; fideliter C1. o) C1C2DEFG; nostre B. p) Aquileiensem et undique Aquileiensis C1F; Aquilegiensem et undique Aquilegiensis C2DE et ed. Sickel. q) Ioannem et undique Ioannes DEF. r) silicet E. s) C1C2DEFG; exaltaltare B. t) aure C2; ex aure corr. E. u) C1C2EFG; acomodantes BD. v) seq. rectoremque illius canc. E. w) Hungarorum D. x) stenicia C2; seviciam D; savicia E. y) Silaganum D. z) lingue C2. a') Goritia C1. b') C1C2DEFG; colectarum B. c') canc. C1. d') C1C2EG; decursium BF; decursum D. e') sylvarum E. f') papulaticorum C1EFG; pabulationum D. g') om. F. h') Siligano C1C2DEFG. i') Goritia C1. j') Isontium C1DEF; Insontum C2; Isontum G. k') Vorpaum C2; Wipauum E; Vipaum F; Wrpaum G. l') presumus DEF. m') in C1C2DEFG. n') precepta C2EF. o') pagina DE; pagine F. p') om. C2. q') seu C1C2DEFG. r') atque E. s') C2DEG; pu.^caC1F; puplica B et sic ed. Sickel. t') hedificatas C1; edifficatas C2. u') Hungarorum D. v') nephandam D. w') de C1C2DEFG. x') quamque C1C2DEFG. y') de C1C2DEFG. z') illorum C1. a'') om. C2EG. b'') sine heredibus mortui sunt] sunt mortui sine heredibus C1C2DEFG. c'') C1C2DEFG; nostri B. d'') dictus D. e'') add. sup. l. F. f'') circha E. g'') ipsarum C1C2EG. h'') II C1C2EG. i'') miliares F. j'') sic B; eo C1C2DEFG; eo videlicet em. Sickel. k'') om. C1C2G. l'') forum C1C2DEFG. m'') C1C2DEFG; colectas B. n'') ex presumant corr. C1; presumant C2EG. o'') gubernandam D. p'') C1C2DEFG; puplice B. q'') om. E. r'') C1C2DEFG; herba B. s'') clusas F. t'') Avenzonn cum sign. abbr. C1; Avenzun cum sign. abbr. C2EG; Avenzono D; Avenzon F. u'') transeuntibus F. v'') dicta C1C2DEFG. w'') ex presideat corr. C1; presideat C2DEF. x'') seq. nostri canc. C1. y'') puri C1C2DEFG. z'') curie C1C2EG. a''') C1C2DFG; dilligenciusque BE et sic ed. Sickel. b''') coroborantes C1C2. c''') sigillari C1C2DEFG. d''') atque insigniri] om. D. e''') domini E. f''') om. C1C2DEFG. g''') Henribertus C1DEFG; Henrabertus C2. h''') om. C1C2DEFG. i''') quarto C1C2EG. j''') madii DF; mai E. k''') millesimo C1C2EG; milleximo D. l''') I F. m''') om. C1C2EFG. n''') anni C1D. o''') II^oD. p''') Ravene D.

Medieval Recollections

“In [scrineo] decimo tertio: privilegia imperialia et regalia de concessionibus, donationibus et confirmationibus [om.], et de concessione Siliani et de medietate ville Goriza [om.].” – Thesuari clartias, opus saec. XIV, ed. Giuseppe Bianchi, Thesaurus ecclesiae Aquileiensis (Udine 1847), p. 16.

Selected Bibliography

Peter Štih, Villa quae Sclavorum lingua vocatur Goriza: Studie über zwei Urkunden Kaiser Ottos 3. aus dem Jahre 1001 für den Patriarchen Johannes von Aquileia und den Grafen Werihen von Friaul (DD. O. 3. 402 und 412) (Nova Gorica 1999), the best, most through study of the charter, with all the references to older historiography; outdated only in certain parts (mainly regarding the genealogies of Friulian and Istrian counts), but still a classic and indispensable monograph on the topic.

Heinz Dopsch and Therese Meyer, “Von Bayern nach Friaul: Zur Herkunft der Grafen von Görz und ihren Anfängen in Kärnten und Friaul, Krain und Istrien,” Zeitschrift für bayerische Landesgeschichte 65/2 (2002): pp. 327–331.

Elisabetta Scarton, “Il Patriarcato di Aquileia: Una storia ‘sbagliata’,” in Cultura in Friuli III, ed. Matteo Venier and Gabriele Zanello (Udine 2017), pp. 623–624.

Editor's Notes

One of the seminal imperial privileges issued to the Church of Aquileia, the donation of half of Solkan and half of village Gorizia was the smoking gun that Venice used to press its claims that the counts of Gorizia held their principal possession in Friuli as retainers of the patriarchs and not as counts from the Empire. Thus, the legal argument goes, when Venice took over the Patriarchate of Aquileia in 1420 (officially recognized in 1445), the counts of Gorizia would hold their Friulian castrum from Venice. On these Venetian Consultori in iure and their writings concerning the jurisdictions of the counts of Gorizia, see Giorgio E. Ferrari, “I codici di privilegi ‘conta comitem Goricie’ nell’Archivio dei Consultori in iure della Reppublica di Venezia,” Studi Goriziani, supplemento 2: Gorizia nel Medioevo (1956), pp. 107–150.

However, the situation is not as straightforward as Venetian jurists claimed in the late 15^th century, as the other halves of Solkan, Gorizia, and the territories between Soča, Vipava and the Trnovo plateau were donated by the same Otto III to the Friulian Count Werihen III and from him they passed on – by way of marriages – to Count Maynard I, the progenitor of the House of Gorizia (see more on that in the Editor’s Comments section of doc. 1001_GW).

In any case, the counts of Gorizia later recognized to hold Gorizia as a fief – hereditary in both male and female line – from the Church of Aquileia (cf. August von Jaksch (ed.), Monumenta historica Ducatus Carinthiae, vol. 4/1: Die Kärntner Geschichtsquellen 1202–1269 (Klagenfurt 1906), doc. 1524, pp. 1–3, soon to be edited here as well).

How to Cite

First citation: Josip Banić (ed.), Fontes Istrie medievalis, vol. 2: A 804 usque ad 1077, doc. 1001_GA, fontesistrie.eu/1001_GA (last access: date).

Subsequent citations: FIM, 2: doc. 1001_GA.

Facsimile

Image Source and Info

The publication of the facsimile of B (Venice, Archivio di Stato di Venezia, Miscellanea ducali e atti diplomatici, busta 2, doc. A/1) is granted free of charge by Archivio di Stato di Venezia by way of the “simplified procedure” of publishing archival facsimiles (La circolare della Direzione generale archivi n. 39 del 29 settembre 2017: procedura semplificata: pubblicazioni online che perseguano finalità scientifiche o pedagogiche, non beneficino di inserzioni pubblicitarie o commerciali e non siano soggette ad accesso a pagamento).

Photo by the editor.

The digital facsimile remains under the exclusive copyright of Archivio di Stato di Venezia.